Felid Immunodeficiency Viruses

Lentiviruses are widespread pathogens of primates, ungulates and felids. While the ungulate lentiviruses induce a disease state typical of a chronic inflammatory condition, the felid and primate lentiviruses induce an immunodeficiency characterised by a progressive depletion of CD4+ T helper cells. FIV infection of the domestic cat may lead to a spectrum of diseases, ranging from a rapid, acute-onset immunodeficiency to a chronic wasting disease with concomitant neuropathology and persistent recurring opportunistic infections. Here, we examine the host and viral determinants of FIV cell tropism and pathogenicity. The virus targets activated CD4+ T cells selectively by interactions with its primary receptor, CD134 and co-receptor, CXCR4.

from Lentiviruses and Macrophages: Molecular and Cellular Interactions

Further reading:

• Lentiviruses and Macrophages
• Retroviruses: Molecular Biology, Genomics and Pathogenesis
• Virology publications

Labels: CD134, CD4 T helper cells, CXCR4, FIV