from Leonardo G. Alonso, Lucía B. Chemes, María L. Cerutti, Karina I. Dantur, and Gonzalo de Prat-Gay writing in Small DNA Tumour Viruses:
The human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein is the main transforming agent of this important pathogen. Although its primary action is binding and targeting the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein, over two decades of research has shown a much more complex mode of action where multiple cellular partners and cellular events take place before ultimate progression to carcinogenesis. In this chapter we describe the HPV16 E7 protein in biochemical terms in an attempt to understand some of the various interactions in which this protein participates. We describe its multiple equilibria and conformational species in solution and show that these can explain some of its puzzling promiscuous binding activities and we review the few interactions that have been addressed by biochemical and mechanistic approaches to date. We finally discuss the cellular localization of E7 conformers, how they influence its antigenic capacity, and how they can be exploited in therapeutic applications.
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